Malaria still number one killer, 63% Ugandans prefer self medication to testing
By Sarah Achen
The new study reveals that majority of Ugandans don’t believe in malaria testing known as RDT.
The study which was released by HEPS Uganda at Piato Restaurant in Kampala on Thursday 13th indicates that 63% of the population believes in the outcome of malaria test, 21% not always, conduct their own diagnosis say theirs is more important and 16% have never had a malaria test. Others that also attended included CEHURD, PATH, Reproductive Health Uganda, Infectious Disease Institute among others.
According to Dr George Bwesigye from Najeera hospital, RDT Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) assist in the diagnosis of malaria by providing evidence of the presence of malaria parasites in human blood. RDTs are an alternative to diagnosis based on clinical grounds or microscopy, particularly where good quality microscopy services cannot be readily provided. The current charge for RDT test is Shs 3000-4000.
The study involved listeners from up county radio stations was carried out by TRAC.fm in partnership with HEPS malaria campaign with the support of Ministry of Health, development partners carried out the study between Feb 6-22 2017 with 4586 responses.
It was also discovered that malaria had the greatest impact on people’s life accounting for 43%, followed HIV, thirdly Tuberclosis and lastly others at 15%.
The poll was aiming done to find out why people shun testing for malaria and 32% of the respondents say they don’t need the test, because they know if they have malaria or not, 24% say the tests are too expensive, 23% of the people don’t know there is a test and 21% add that the tests are not available.
Responding to the study, Denis Kibira the Executive director of Coalition for Health Promotion and Social Development (HEPS), the poll results indicate that there is public doubt regarding the quality of RDT on the market.
Civil society organisations health advocators say that eliminating malaria is everyone’s responsibility but government must take the lead by funding only 5% of the malaria budget because government is not demonstrating leadership.
The national response to malaria is funded from the national budget and from donations from development partners. The challenge is that response is too dependent on external donors, with government contributing barely 5% of total funding. Available data indicate that between 2014 and 2016, government for malaria totaled US dollar 11.8m, which is just about 5.6% of the total expenditure on malaria over the three-year period amounting to US dollar 207.6m.
Out of the total budget shs 60.9m US dollar government contributes 3.6m US dollar for malaria leaving a gap of 80%. Uganda needs shs 308m US dollar to eliminate malaria completely out of the country.
Malaria is still one of the major diseases affecting families all over Uganda. Testing a blood sample is the most conclusive way to know whether one has malaria or not. This can be done by a health worker or at home, using a testing kit.
Testing malaria makes treatment more effective and allows for other treatment options when one does not have malaria, as only one in three cases of fever is actually malaria. However, based on numbers from the Ministry of Health, only 60% tests for malaria.
Kibira explains that there is need to expedite the proposed reform of the law to expand the regulatory mandate of National Drug Authority to include medical devices.
Patrick Ojilong the advocacy manager of Action Group for Health Human Rights and HIV/Aids (AGHA) adds that 95% of the malaria funds are donor funded. If we don’t invest now our dream of eliminating malaria from Ugandan might be far from near.
Malaria is the single cause of illness death in Uganda. The country has the third highest number of deaths from malaria and one of the highest reported malaria transmission rates in the world. Malaria accounts for 30% -50% of outpatient visits, 15%-20% of hospital admissions and up to 20% of all hospital deaths.
Ministry of Health estimates that in 2013, 27.2% of inpatient deaths of children under than five years of age were due to malaria. Overall about 16 cases and about 10,500 deaths are reported per year.
Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria reduces disease and prevents deaths. It also contributes to reducing malaria transmission. The Uganda Malaria Reduction Strategic Plan 2016-2020 sets three targets in the control of malaria: to reduce annual malaria deaths from the 2013 levels to near zero by 2020, reduce malaria morbidity to 30 cases per 1000 population for instance reduction from the 2013 levels by 2020 and to reduce malaria parasite prevalence to less than 7% reduction from 45% in 2010 by 2020.
It was recommended that there is no quality assurance of Rapid Diagnostic Response commonly known as RDT by the private sector outside the National Drug Authority procedures and their quality should be ascertained by NDA.
Although many diseases can be prevented these days, people still affected by infectious diseases. Some diseases have a minor impact; others have a bigger impact on someone’s life. This impact can be loss of a family member, frequent illness, illness of family members, or loss of work days due to illness.
The Budget Framework for Financial Year 2017/18 indicates that up to 80% of funds required to procure medicines for malaria-the country’s single biggest cause of illness and death – have not been allocated. Since health care, including medicines are by policy provided free of charge in public health facilities in the country, government has the obligation to mobilize funds to fill the current funding gap for anti-malarial medicines.